Marty and Karla Grant

	Date	Event(s)
1	1620	11 Nov 1620: Mayflower Compact signed,The male passengers of the Mayflower signed a compact establishing a form of self-government for the Plymouth Colony. 21 Dec 1620: Pilgrims arrive at Plymouth,The Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower land at what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts, founding the first permanent English settlement in New England.
2	1622	20 Mar 1622: Jamestown Massacre,Native American tribes led by Chief Opechancanough attacked the English settlement of Jamestown, Virginia, killing nearly 350 colonists.
3	1629	4 Oct 1629: Massachusetts Bay Colony chartered,King Charles I granted a royal charter to the Massachusetts Bay Company, leading to a large Puritan migration to the New World.
4	1630	1 Sep 1630: Founding of Boston,Puritan colonists led by John Winthrop founded the city of Boston, which became the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
5	1636	18 Sep 1636: Harvard College founded,The General Court of Massachusetts Bay Colony established Harvard College, the first institution of higher learning in the United States.
6	1639	14 Jan 1639: Fundamental Orders of Connecticut,The settlements of Windsor, Hartford, and Wethersfield adopted the "Fundamental Orders," considered to be the first written constitution in America.
7	1643	25 Sep 1643: New England Confederation formed,The colonies of Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Connecticut, and New Haven formed a military alliance for mutual defense against Native Americans.
8	1652	30 May 1652: Rhode Island outlawed slavery,Rhode Island passed a law prohibiting slavery, though it was largely ignored and later repealed.
9	1663	24 Mar 1663: Carolina Charter granted,King Charles II granted a charter to eight proprietors to establish the Carolina colony.
10	1664	2 Sep 1664: English seize New Netherland,The English fleet seized the Dutch colony of New Netherland without a fight, renaming it New York.
11	1675	19 Oct 1675: King Philip's War begins,A major conflict between Native Americans and New England colonists began, resulting in widespread destruction and significant loss of life.
12	1676	10 Jun 1676: Bacon's Rebellion,Nathaniel Bacon led a rebellion of Virginia colonists against Governor William Berkeley, protesting his failure to protect them from Native American attacks.
13	1681	16 Jan 1681: Pennsylvania granted to William Penn,King Charles II granted a large tract of land to William Penn, a Quaker, to found the colony of Pennsylvania.
14	1683	10 Apr 1683: New York City Charter,The Dongan Charter established the government of New York City.
15	1686	1 Jan 1686: Dominion of New England formed,King James II merged the New England colonies into a single administrative unit, revoking their colonial charters.
16	1689	16 Apr 1689: Boston Revolt,Bostonians arrested the royal governor of the Dominion of New England, Sir Edmund Andros, in a popular uprising.
17	1690	8 Feb 1690: Schenectady Massacre,French forces and their Native American allies attacked the settlement of Schenectady, New York, killing over 60 people.
18	1692	1 Mar 1692: Salem Witch Trials begin,The first arrests for witchcraft were made in Salem Village, Massachusetts, leading to a series of trials and executions.
19	1701	27 May 1701: Charter of Privileges,William Penn granted a new constitution to the Pennsylvania colony, giving more power to the colonial assembly.
20	1704	20 May 1704: Boston News-Letter published,The first successful, continuously published newspaper in the colonies was published in Boston.
21	1718	3 Jan 1718: New Orleans founded,The French founded the city of New Orleans, which became a key port on the Mississippi River.
22	1733	12 Feb 1733: Georgia founded,James Oglethorpe founded the colony of Georgia, the last of the original 13 colonies, as a haven for debtors.
23	1735	19 Mar 1735: Zenger Trial,John Peter Zenger was acquitted of seditious libel, a landmark case that established a precedent for freedom of the press in America.
24	1739	1 Jan 1739: Stono Rebellion,A slave rebellion in South Carolina resulted in the deaths of over 20 whites and 44 slaves, leading to stricter slave codes.
25	1740	1 Jan 1740: Great Awakening begins,A series of religious revivals began to sweep through the American colonies, led by figures like Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield.
26	1752	15 Jun 1752: Franklin's kite experiment,Benjamin Franklin conducted his famous kite experiment, proving that lightning is a form of electricity.
27	1754	28 May 1754: French and Indian War begins,A conflict between Great Britain and France for control of North America began, with Native American tribes allied with both sides.
28	1759	14 Sep 1759: Battle of Quebec,British forces under General James Wolfe defeated the French, leading to the capture of Quebec and a turning point in the French and Indian War.
29	1763	10 Feb 1763: Treaty of Paris ends war,The Treaty of Paris was signed, ending the French and Indian War and ceding French territory in North America to Great Britain. 7 Oct 1763: Proclamation of 1763,King George III issued a proclamation forbidding American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.
30	1764	5 Apr 1764: Sugar Act passed,The British Parliament passed the Sugar Act to raise revenue from the colonies, which angered colonists and led to protests.
31	1765	22 Mar 1765: Stamp Act passed,The British Parliament passed the Stamp Act, requiring a tax on all legal documents, newspapers, and other printed materials. 24 Mar 1765: Quartering Act,The British Parliament passed the Quartering Act, requiring American colonists to provide housing and food for British soldiers. 7 Oct 1765: Stamp Act Congress meets,Delegates from nine colonies met in New York to protest the Stamp Act, issuing a Declaration of Rights and Grievances.
32	1766	18 Mar 1766: Declaratory Act passed,The British Parliament repealed the Stamp Act but passed the Declaratory Act, asserting its right to legislate for the colonies "in all cases whatsoever."
33	1767	29 Jun 1767: Townshend Acts passed,Parliament passed new laws taxing imports of glass, lead, paper, paint, and tea into the colonies.
34	1770	5 Mar 1770: Boston Massacre,British soldiers fired into a crowd of colonists in Boston, killing five people and further inflaming tensions.
35	1773	10 May 1773: Tea Act passed,The British Parliament passed the Tea Act, which gave the British East India Company a monopoly on tea sales in the colonies. 16 Dec 1773: Boston Tea Party,Colonists in Boston, disguised as Native Americans, dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor in protest of the Tea Act.
36	1774	31 Mar 1774: Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts),In response to the Boston Tea Party, Parliament passed a series of punitive laws, including the Boston Port Act and the Quartering Act. 5 Sep 1774: First Continental Congress,Delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies met in Philadelphia to coordinate a response to the Coercive Acts.
37	1775	19 Apr 1775: Battles of Lexington and Concord,The "shot heard 'round the world" was fired, marking the start of the American Revolutionary War. 10 May 1775: Second Continental Congress,The Second Continental Congress convened in Philadelphia, assuming the role of a provisional government for the colonies. 17 Jun 1775: Battle of Bunker Hill,British forces defeated the American colonists in a costly battle in Boston, demonstrating the colonists' determination.
38	1776	4 Jul 1776: Declaration of Independence adopted,The Second Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence, formally severing ties with Great Britain. 26 Dec 1776: Battle of Trenton,General George Washington and his troops crossed the Delaware River and defeated a Hessian garrison in a surprise attack.
39	1777	17 Oct 1777: Battle of Saratoga,American forces defeated the British at Saratoga, a turning point that convinced France to enter the war as an American ally. 19 Dec 1777—19 Jun 1778: Winter at Valley Forge The Continental Army endured a brutal winter at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, suffering from disease, cold, and starvation.
40	1778	23 Feb 1778: Treaty of Alliance with France,The United States and France signed a treaty, formally recognizing American independence and creating a military alliance. 29 Dec 1778: British capture Savannah,British forces captured the city of Savannah, Georgia, as part of their "Southern strategy."
41	1780	12 May 1780: British capture Charleston,The British captured Charleston, South Carolina, a major defeat for the Continental Army.
42	1781	1 Mar 1781: Articles of Confederation ratified,The states officially ratified the Articles of Confederation, the first government of the United States. 19 Oct 1781: Battle of Yorktown,The combined American and French forces trapped and defeated the British army at Yorktown, Virginia, a decisive victory that led to the end of the war.
43	1783	3 Sep 1783: Treaty of Paris ends war,The Treaty of Paris was signed, officially ending the American Revolutionary War and recognizing American independence. 23 Dec 1783: Washington resigns his commission,George Washington resigned his commission as commander-in-chief, a rare act of a military leader voluntarily giving up power.
44	1787	25 May 1787—17 Sep 1787: Constitutional Convention Delegates met in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation, but instead drafted a new Constitution. 13 Jul 1787: Northwest Ordinance passed,The Northwest Ordinance established a process for admitting new states to the Union and banned slavery in the Northwest Territory. 17 Sep 1787: U.S. Constitution signed,Delegates to the Constitutional Convention signed the United States Constitution in Philadelphia. 7 Dec 1787: Delaware ratifies Constitution,Delaware became the first state to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
45	1788	21 Jun 1788: New Hampshire ratifies Constitution,New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify the Constitution, putting it into effect.
46	1789	4 Mar 1789: U.S. Constitution goes into effect,The new U.S. government was formally established under the Constitution. 30 Apr 1789: George Washington inaugurated,George Washington was sworn in as the first President of the United States in New York City.
47	1791	15 Dec 1791: Bill of Rights ratified,The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution were ratified, guaranteeing fundamental rights and freedoms.
48	1794	1 Jan 1794: Whiskey Rebellion,Farmers in western Pennsylvania protested a federal tax on whiskey, leading to a military response by President Washington.
49	1795	10 Aug 1795: Treaty of Greenville,A treaty was signed between the United States and a confederation of Native American tribes, ceding a large portion of what is now Ohio.
50	1796	1 Jan 1796: Tennessee becomes 16th state,Tennessee was admitted to the Union as the 16th state. 17 Nov 1796: Washington's Farewell Address,George Washington published his farewell address, warning against political factions and foreign entanglements.
51	1797	4 Mar 1797: John Adams becomes President,John Adams was inaugurated as the second President of the United States.
52	1798	7 Jul 1798: Quasi-War with France,The U.S. entered an undeclared naval war with France, triggered by French seizure of American ships. 14 Jul 1798: Alien and Sedition Acts,Congress passed a series of laws that made it more difficult for immigrants to become citizens and allowed the government to deport or imprison "seditious" persons.
53	1801	4 Mar 1801: Thomas Jefferson inaugurated,Thomas Jefferson was sworn in as the third President of the United States.
54	1803	30 Apr 1803: Louisiana Purchase,The United States purchased a vast territory from France for $15 million, nearly doubling the size of the country.
55	1804	14 May 1804: Lewis and Clark Expedition begins,Meriwether Lewis and William Clark began their expedition to explore the newly acquired Louisiana Territory. 2 Dec 1804: Jefferson reelected,Thomas Jefferson was reelected as President of the United States.
56	1807	2 Mar 1807: Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves,Congress passed a law prohibiting the importation of slaves into the United States, effective January 1, 1808.
57	1809	14 Jan 1809: Erie Canal construction begins,Construction began on the Erie Canal, a major infrastructure project that connected the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean.
58	1812	18 Jun 1812: War of 1812 begins,The United States declared war on Great Britain over maritime rights and British support for Native American tribes. 16 Aug 1812: Surrender of Detroit,American forces surrendered Detroit to the British, a major early defeat in the War of 1812.
59	1814	24 Aug 1814: Burning of Washington,British troops captured and burned Washington, D.C., including the White House and the Capitol. 13 Sep 1814: Battle of Fort McHenry,American forces at Fort McHenry successfully defended Baltimore from a British naval attack, inspiring Francis Scott Key to write "The Star-Spangled Banner." 24 Dec 1814: Treaty of Ghent,The Treaty of Ghent was signed, officially ending the War of 1812.
60	1815	8 Jan 1815: Battle of New Orleans,General Andrew Jackson defeated the British in the final major battle of the War of 1812, fought after the peace treaty had been signed.
61	1817	4 Mar 1817: James Monroe inaugurated,James Monroe was sworn in as the fifth President of the United States. 10 Dec 1817: Mississippi becomes 20th state,Mississippi was admitted to the Union.
62	1819	2 Mar 1819: Missouri Compromise,Congress passed a compromise allowing Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state, maintaining the balance of power.
63	1823	2 Dec 1823: Monroe Doctrine,President James Monroe announced a U.S. foreign policy opposing European colonialism in the Americas.
64	1825	26 Oct 1825: Erie Canal completed,The Erie Canal officially opened, revolutionizing transportation and trade.
65	1826	4 Jul 1826: Jefferson and Adams die,Former presidents Thomas Jefferson and John Adams both died on the 50th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.
66	1829	4 Mar 1829: Andrew Jackson inaugurated,Andrew Jackson was sworn in as the seventh President, beginning the "Age of Jackson."
67	1830	28 May 1830: Indian Removal Act,President Andrew Jackson signed a law forcing the relocation of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands.
68	1836	2 Mar 1836: Texas declares independence,Texas declared its independence from Mexico, leading to the Texas Revolution. 6 Mar 1836: Battle of the Alamo,Texan defenders of the Alamo were defeated by Mexican forces after a 13-day siege. 28 Dec 1836: Battle of San Jacinto,Texan forces led by Sam Houston defeated the Mexican army, securing Texas independence.
69	1838	28 May 1838: Trail of Tears begins,The forced relocation of the Cherokee Nation from their homeland began, resulting in thousands of deaths.
70	1845	29 Dec 1845: Texas annexed by U.S.,The Republic of Texas was annexed by the United States, becoming the 28th state.
71	1846	13 May 1846: Mexican-American War begins,The United States declared war on Mexico over a border dispute in Texas.
72	1848	24 Jan 1848: California Gold Rush begins,Gold was discovered at Sutter's Mill, California, triggering a massive migration of "forty-niners." 24 Jan 1848: Gold discovered in California,James W. Marshall discovered gold at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California, beginning the California Gold Rush. 2 Feb 1848: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,The treaty was signed, ending the Mexican-American War and ceding significant territory to the United States.
73	1850	9 Sep 1850: Compromise of 1850,A series of five bills passed to address the issue of slavery, including admitting California as a free state and enacting the Fugitive Slave Act.
74	1852	20 Mar 1852: Uncle Tom's Cabin published,Harriet Beecher Stowe's anti-slavery novel was published, becoming a bestseller and fueling the abolitionist movement.
75	1854	30 May 1854: Kansas-Nebraska Act,The act created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and allowed settlers to decide on the issue of slavery through "popular sovereignty." 15 Oct 1854: Republican Party founded,Anti-slavery activists and Whig Party members formed the Republican Party in Ripon, Wisconsin.
76	1856	21 May 1856: Sack of Lawrence,Pro-slavery forces attacked and looted the anti-slavery town of Lawrence, Kansas, during "Bleeding Kansas."
77	1857	6 Mar 1857: Dred Scott decision,The Supreme Court ruled that African Americans were not citizens and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.
78	1858	15 Oct 1858: Lincoln-Douglas Debates,Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas held a series of seven debates on the issue of slavery in Illinois.
79	1859	16 Oct 1859: John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry,Abolitionist John Brown led a raid on a federal armory in Harpers Ferry, Virginia, hoping to start a slave revolt.
80	1860	6 Nov 1860: Abraham Lincoln elected,Abraham Lincoln was elected as the 16th President of the United States. 20 Dec 1860: South Carolina secedes,South Carolina became the first state to secede from the Union following Lincoln's election.
81	1861	8 Feb 1861: Confederate States of America formed,Seven Southern states formed the Confederate States of America. 4 Mar 1861: Lincoln inaugurated,Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated as President of the United States. 12 Apr 1861: Attack on Fort Sumter,Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina, marking the start of the American Civil War. 21 Jul 1861: First Battle of Bull Run,The first major land battle of the Civil War resulted in a Confederate victory.
82	1862	8 Mar 1862: Monitor vs. Merrimack,The first battle between two ironclad warships took place in Hampton Roads, Virginia.
83	1863	1 Jan 1863: Emancipation Proclamation,President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing slaves in Confederate-held territory. 1 Jul 1863—3 Jul 1863: Battle of Gettysburg A major Union victory in Pennsylvania that is considered a turning point of the war. 4 Jul 1863: Siege of Vicksburg ends,Union forces captured Vicksburg, Mississippi, giving them control of the Mississippi River. 19 Nov 1863: Gettysburg Address,Abraham Lincoln delivered his famous address at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg.
84	1864	8 Nov 1864: Lincoln reelected,Abraham Lincoln was reelected as President of the United States. 15 Nov 1864—21 Dec 1864: Sherman's March to the Sea Union General William Tecumseh Sherman led his troops on a destructive march through Georgia.
85	1865	9 Apr 1865: Lee surrenders at Appomattox,Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant, effectively ending the Civil War. 14 Apr 1865: Lincoln assassinated,President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theatre. 18 Dec 1865: 13th Amendment ratified,The 13th Amendment, which abolished slavery, was ratified.
86	1867	1 Jan 1867: Reconstruction Acts,Congress passed acts that divided the South into five military districts and set conditions for readmission to the Union. 30 Mar 1867: Alaska Purchase,The United States purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million, a deal widely known as "Seward's Folly."
87	1868	1 Jan 1868: 14th Amendment ratified,The 14th Amendment was ratified, granting citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States.
88	1869	1 May 1869: Transcontinental Railroad completed,The first transcontinental railroad was completed at Promontory Summit, Utah.
89	1870	1 Jan 1870: 15th Amendment ratified,The 15th Amendment was ratified, guaranteeing the right to vote regardless of race.
90	1876	25 Jun 1876: Battle of the Little Bighorn,Lakota and Cheyenne warriors defeated U.S. Army forces led by General George Custer in Montana.
91	1877	2 Mar 1877: Compromise of 1877,A political deal that ended the disputed 1876 presidential election and resulted in the withdrawal of federal troops from the South, ending Reconstruction.
92	1881	1 Jan 1881: American Federation of Labor founded,The AFL was founded by Samuel Gompers as a national federation of labor unions.
93	1882	4 Sep 1882: Edison's Pearl Street Station,Thomas Edison's electric power plant began operation in New York City, providing power for the first time.
94	1886	1 May 1886: Haymarket Affair,A labor protest rally in Chicago turned into a riot after a bomb was thrown, killing police officers and civilians. 28 Oct 1886: Statue of Liberty dedicated,The Statue of Liberty was dedicated in New York Harbor.
95	1890	1 Dec 1890: Wounded Knee Massacre,U.S. soldiers killed over 150 Lakota people in what is considered the final major conflict of the Indian Wars. 29 Dec 1890: Sherman Antitrust Act,Congress passed the first federal law prohibiting trusts and monopolies to promote competition.
96	1893	1 Jan 1893: Panic of 1893,A severe economic depression began, marked by bank failures and high unemployment.
97	1896	1 Jan 1896: Plessy v. Ferguson decision,The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine.
98	1898	15 Feb 1898: USS Maine explodes,The USS Maine battleship exploded in Havana Harbor, leading to the Spanish-American War. 21 Apr 1898: Spanish-American War begins,The United States declared war on Spain. 13 Aug 1898: Spanish-American War ends,The Treaty of Paris was signed, ending the war and ceding territories like Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States.
99	1900	14 Dec 1900: Hawaii annexed,The United States officially annexed Hawaii.
100	1901	14 Sep 1901: Theodore Roosevelt becomes President,Theodore Roosevelt became president after the assassination of President William McKinley.
101	1903	1 Jan 1903: Wright brothers' first flight,Orville and Wilbur Wright made the first powered, controlled, and sustained flight of an aircraft at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
102	1906	1 Jan 1906: San Francisco Earthquake,A major earthquake and subsequent fires devastated San Francisco, California.
103	1908	1 Jan 1908: Ford Model T introduced,Henry Ford introduced the Model T, making the automobile affordable for the average American.
104	1912	15 Apr 1912: Titanic sinks,The "unsinkable" passenger liner Titanic sank after hitting an iceberg, resulting in over 1,500 deaths.
105	1913	1 Jan 1913: 16th Amendment ratified,The 16th Amendment was ratified, allowing the federal government to collect an income tax. 1 Jan 1913: 17th Amendment ratified,The 17th Amendment was ratified, providing for the direct election of U.S. Senators.
106	1914	1 Jan 1914: Panama Canal opens,The Panama Canal officially opened, allowing ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
107	1915	1 Jan 1915: Lusitania sinks,A German U-boat sank the British passenger liner Lusitania, killing 128 Americans and turning public opinion against Germany.
108	1917	6 Apr 1917: U.S. enters World War I,The United States declared war on Germany, officially entering World War I.
109	1918	1 Jan 1918: Spanish Flu pandemic,The first cases of the devastating influenza pandemic were reported in the U.S. 11 Nov 1918: Armistice Day,An armistice was signed, ending World War I.
110	1919	1 Jan 1919: 18th Amendment ratified,The 18th Amendment, which prohibited the manufacture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages, was ratified.
111	1920	19 Jan 1920: Prohibition begins,The Volstead Act went into effect, implementing the 18th Amendment. 18 Aug 1920: 19th Amendment ratified,The 19th Amendment was ratified, granting American women the right to vote.
112	1921	1 Jan 1921: Emergency Quota Act,Congress passed a law limiting the number of immigrants from any country to 3% of the people from that country already living in the U.S.
113	1924	1 Jan 1924: Immigration Act of 1924,A law that further restricted immigration, establishing a national origins quota.
114	1925	21 Jan 1925: Scopes "Monkey" Trial,A high school teacher, John Scopes, was tried for teaching evolution in a highly publicized trial.
115	1927	1 Jan 1927: Charles Lindbergh's solo flight,Charles Lindbergh completed the first solo, nonstop transatlantic flight from New York to Paris.
116	1929	29 Oct 1929: Stock Market Crash,Known as "Black Tuesday," the stock market crashed, beginning the Great Depression.
117	1931	1 Jan 1931: Empire State Building opens,The Empire State Building officially opened in New York City.
118	1932	1 Jan 1932: Bonus Army march,Thousands of World War I veterans marched on Washington, D.C., to demand early payment of a bonus owed to them.
119	1933	1 Jan 1933: 20th Amendment ratified,The 20th Amendment was ratified, moving the presidential inauguration date from March to January. 4 Mar 1933: FDR's first inauguration,Franklin D. Roosevelt was inaugurated as the 32nd President, promising a "New Deal" for the American people. 5 Apr 1933: FDR's Fireside Chats,President Roosevelt began his series of radio broadcasts to address the American public directly. 5 Dec 1933: 21st Amendment ratified,The 21st Amendment was ratified, repealing the 18th Amendment and ending Prohibition.